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Table 1 The notations which are used to formulate the problem

From: A robust optimization model for influence maximization in social networks with heterogeneous nodes

Sets and indices

\(i,j\)

Index of source and destination persons \(i,j=1,\dots ,n;\)

\(t\)

Index of discrete time periods \(t=\mathrm{0,1},\dots ,T;\)

\(s\)

Index of scenarios \(s=1,\dots ,S;\)

\({N}_{i}\)

Out-degree of person i (i.e., the persons that \(i\) has their phone number in her contact list);

\({K}_{i}\)

In-degree of person i (i.e., the persons that have \(i\)’s phone number in their contact list)

Parameters

\({a}_{ijs}\)

Binary parameter representing that the message may be forwarded by the person \(i\) to the person \(j\) in scenario \(s;\)

\({\pi }_{s}\)

Probability of scenario \(s;\)

M

An adequate large number

Variables

\({x}_{i}^{0}\)

\(=\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1 & {{\text{if the person}}\, i \, {\text{received a message at the initial time of the message diffusion,}}} \\ 0 & {{\text{otherwise;}}}\end{array}}\right.\)

\({x}_{is}^{t}\)

\(=\left\{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}1 & {{\text{if the person}}\, i \, {\text{received a message at time period}} \, t \, {\text{in scenario}} \, s (t=1,\dots ,T),}\\ 0 &{\text{otherwise;}}\end{array}}\right.\)

\({l}_{ijs}^{t}\)

\(=\left\{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} 1 & {{\text{if the person}}\, i \, {\text{forward the message to the person}}\, j \, {\text{at period}} \, t \, {\text{in scenario}} \, s,}\\ 0 & {{\text{otherwise;}}}\end{array}}\right.\)